As the 2014-20 programmes draw to a close, the focus has increasingly shifted to accelerating the implementation of the 2021-27 programmes and actively engaging in discussions on the future of Cohesion Policy beyond 2027.
While closure activities are generally progressing, programme authorities continue to face delays and uncertainties due to the complex administrative and audit requirements. The introduction of the STEP Regulation has facilitated closure efforts by providing additional flexibility and implementation time, helping authorities to meet final obligations and manage overlapping funding streams.
Implementation progress of the 2021-27 programmes remains relatively modest. Financial absorption levels across the EU remain low compared to the previous period. However, programme authorities in the IQ-Net network report growing project pipelines and continued progress in addressing early bottlenecks. Improved communication with beneficiaries, adjustments to calls for proposals and clearer procedures have supported a gradual acceleration in many contexts.
The 2025 Mid-Term Review is an important opportunity to revise programme priorities and adapt delivery approaches. However, the scope for change varies across programmes, influenced by timing, administrative capacity and regulatory flexibility. While some authorities are using the review to reallocate funding and align more closely with evolving EU priorities, others are constrained by pre-existing commitments or limited scope for adjustment.
The implementation of the Just Transition Fund remains under pressure due to the Fund’s tight spending deadlines and the complex regulatory framework. Programmes continue to face delivery hurdles. The STEP regulation has helped to alleviate some of the immediate implementation challenges.
At the same time, preparations for the next phase of Cohesion Policy have started. Discussions are taking place in many IQ-Net countries and regions, with growing interest in future reform priorities. Initial ideas are being shaped through stakeholder dialogue, position papers, and early reflections on priorities such as simplification, flexibility, and a continued place-based approach. These include how to maintain Cohesion Policy’s core values while adapting it to emerging EU goals and governance models.